Recent research sheds light on mechanisms and potential interventions for infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. Novel vaccine targets against malaria parasites have been identified via cryo-EM visualization of critical protein complexes. Cannabis extracts demonstrate anti-parasitic effects on Echinococcus species, and new bacteriophage cocktails improve milk safety by targeting Salmonella. Additionally, alginate nanocapsules loaded with allicin exhibit efficacy against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These findings collectively suggest promising pathways to combat persistent infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance.