Recent advances in CAR T-cell immunotherapy extend beyond hematologic malignancies to autoimmune disorders and solid tumors. Ruhr-University Bochum reported first successful treatment of severe autoimmune polyneuritis using CD19-targeting CAR T cells engineered by Kyverna Therapeutics. Separately, Calibr-Skaggs initiated a Phase 1 trial for switchable CAR-T therapy combining autologous T cells with antibody-based molecular switches, targeting advanced breast cancer. These innovative platforms offer programmable control to minimize toxicities while enhancing efficacy, marking significant progress in cell-based treatments across diverse indications.