Recent studies provide new insights into tumor metabolism and immune microenvironment manipulation. Notably, ACLY inhibition reprograms lipid metabolism and enhances immune surveillance in liver cancer, mediated by B cell-driven tumor immunity. Additionally, panobinostat potentiates adagrasib efficacy via autophagy induction in non-small cell lung cancer. These advances underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting metabolic pathways alongside immuno-oncology interventions to overcome tumor resistance and improve patient outcomes.