Advances in bioinformatics and immunology are refining cancer diagnosis and treatment. Biomarker-guided sequencing approaches propose strategies to remodel the tumor microenvironment in desmoplastic tumors resistant to current immunotherapies. Novel lung cancer genomic studies uncover critical non-coding genetic drivers in large patient cohorts. Elsewhere, bioinformatics analyses identify specific biomarkers for childhood lupus nephritis. Findings also associate immune checkpoint inhibitors with heightened cardiac inflammation risk, underscoring the need for vigilant management.