Recent advances in Alzheimer’s research highlight new diagnostic and therapeutic frontiers. Novel blood tests improve early detection of amyloid and tau pathologies, facilitating timely diagnosis though challenges remain regarding their predictive accuracy and clinical application. Several anti-amyloid drugs, such as lecanemab and donanemab, have gained FDA approval, showing modest slowing of cognitive decline but carrying notable risks. Ongoing trials investigate diverse mechanisms to address the neurodegenerative process, underscoring a dynamic shift in Alzheimer’s disease understanding and treatment.