Innovative materials science is reshaping energy storage technologies vital for sustainable development. Researchers have demonstrated enhanced lithium-ion battery capacity via carbon-coated zinc molybdenum oxide, offering improved performance. Another study introduces freestanding porous carbon nanofibers as electrodes for zinc-ion hybrid capacitors, emphasizing environmental benefits through binder-free designs. Advances in metal-organic frameworks infused with lithium salts further boost lithium metal battery stability and conductivity. Additionally, novel magnesium-ion conductors enhance poly(vinyl alcohol)-based capacitors, broadening options for efficient, green energy storage.