Studies unveil critical molecular targets and novel treatment combinations for aggressive cancers. Circulating Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) now signals early spread in thoracic cancer, while Tanshinone IIA potentiates olaparib efficacy against triple-negative breast cancer. Insights into ADAR1-mediated RNA editing deepen understanding of breast cancer pathogenesis, and emerging CDK1/CDK2 inhibitors hold promise as effective cancer therapeutics. Additionally, combinational approaches involving PD-1 and VEGF targets are garnering substantial venture funding to further therapeutic development.