A large comparative analysis challenges assumptions about how brain stimulation fields mature by mapping more than 32,000 publications. The study finds that temporal interference stimulation is growing fastest, while early TMS and tDCS lines remain more concentrated in their thematic areas. The work matters because publication pace and topic concentration can influence where talent, funding, and clinical translation attention flow—sometimes before efficacy and safety are fully established across indications. For researchers and clinicians, the takeaway is not performance claims, but evidence that the literature landscape is evolving unevenly across modalities, complicating cross-technique comparisons.
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