A preclinical study published in Nature Communications demonstrated boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) can preserve immune cell integrity while triggering robust anti-tumor immune responses in mouse models. Researchers showed BNCT’s localized cell-killing spared circulating and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes relative to conventional radiotherapy approaches, and that treated tumors exhibited increased immune activation. The work positions BNCT as a modality that combines direct tumor cytotoxicity with favorable immunological outcomes, potentially enabling synergistic combinations with immunotherapies. Authors called for translational studies to assess BNCT’s clinical immunomodulatory profile and to define combination strategies that leverage preserved immune competence.