Boehringer Ingelheim and Bayer presented front-line data for targeted therapies in HER2‑mutant lung cancer at ESMO, with each company reporting tumor shrinkage and clinical activity in treatment‑naïve patients. The head‑to‑head nature of early comparative data leaves physicians weighing efficacy signals, tolerability and CNS activity as determinants for uptake. Both results underscore growing competition in niche lung cancer genotypes and the rush to capture first‑line indications.