Researchers released additional positive data supporting the combination of Padcev (enfortumab vedotin) and Keytruda (pembrolizumab) as a first‑line treatment in a bladder cancer setting, reinforcing previous signals of clinical benefit. The new readouts add to growing evidence for the antibody‑drug conjugate plus PD‑1 pairing across urothelial malignancies. Separately, Fox Chase Cancer Center presented RETAIN‑2 phase 2 data showing that a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) blood test can identify muscle‑invasive bladder cancer patients at low metastatic risk who might safely avoid radical cystectomy. The trial used ctDNA as a biomarker to stratify metastatic risk and support bladder‑preserving strategies. Together, the therapeutic and diagnostic developments point to a near‑term shift in bladder cancer management toward biomarker‑guided therapy selection and organ‑sparing care pathways, with implications for surgical practice and payer coverage decisions.