Researchers from the University of California San Diego and the Salk Institute have introduced AI innovations accelerating medical image analysis and microprotein discovery. A novel AI tool simplifies training of medical imaging software with minimal annotated data, while the ShortStop machine learning framework enables scalable identification of elusive microproteins coded by previously unrecognized genomic regions. These breakthroughs promise enhanced diagnostic precision, efficient workflows, and expanded proteomic insight, potentially uncovering new therapeutic targets.