New studies reveal promising Alzheimer’s treatments focusing on metabolic and immune mechanisms. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist known for diabetes control, is being evaluated in trials aiming to slow cognitive decline with results expected by 2025. Concurrently, research at Purdue University uncovered that amyloid beta plaques induce lipid droplet accumulation in microglia, impairing their plaque-clearing function, which varies by age and sex. These findings open therapeutic avenues targeting microglial lipid metabolism and support novel drug repurposing strategies.