New research reveals critical mechanistic insights and therapeutic avenues in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Early loss of noradrenergic axons in the Locus Coeruleus correlates with olfactory dysfunction, a precursor symptom. Engineered antibody transport vesicles improve brain delivery and reduce side effects of anti-amyloid therapies. Lithium formulations that avoid binding amyloid-beta show potential for preventing and treating AD, offering novel intervention strategies. These discoveries advance understanding of AD pathology and support the development of more effective treatments.