A Johns Hopkins University study reveals that beyond known amyloid-beta and tau plaques, over 200 additional misfolded protein types may contribute to cognitive decline linked to Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Using limited proteolysis mass spectrometry (LiP-MS), researchers identified these proteins with cognition-associated structural changes in aging rat brains. The findings suggest new therapeutic targets, expanding the understanding of Alzheimer’s molecular pathology. The study was published in Science Advances by Stephen Fried, PhD and colleagues.