A collaborative multinational team has developed an advanced AI-based framework, AAnet, to characterize intratumoral heterogeneity in cancers with unprecedented detail by analyzing single-cell gene expression. This tool overcomes limitations of traditional clustering by capturing continuous expression patterns, improving understanding of tumor complexity and resistant cell populations. Implemented in challenging cases like triple-negative breast cancer, AAnet holds promise for crafting personalized treatment strategies targeting all malignant subpopulations simultaneously.