Researchers published a Nature paper demonstrating RFdiffusion-powered de novo design of single-domain antibodies (VHHs) that bind user-specified epitopes with atomic accuracy; several designs were confirmed by cryo-EM. The work included an accelerated hypermutation system and produced binders against therapeutically relevant targets. The advance underpins industry bets by Xaira Therapeutics and others on AI-driven biologics design. Nobel laureate David Baker, a lead author, urged caution — characterizing the field as promising but still early — while affirming the study’s technical progress.