The integration of artificial intelligence and novel imaging techniques advances diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. A generalist foundation model synergistically analyzes 2D and 3D radiology data, enhancing diagnostic efficiency. Afterglow luminescence imaging emerges as a powerful tool for disease visualization, overcoming limitations of traditional fluorescence. Additionally, graph network-based computational methods revolutionize drug–target interaction predictions, accelerating drug discovery pipelines. Autonomous robotic systems demonstrate expert-level carotid ultrasonography, increasing precision and accessibility of vascular imaging.