Research continues to illuminate mechanisms and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Eli Lilly plans to replace Anne White, head of its neuroscience division, after her retirement in December; White oversaw the launch of Kisunla for Alzheimer’s disease. Novel therapeutic developments include TRE-515 for lupus supported by an NIH SBIR grant, and a promising investigational eIF2B activator DNL343 targeting ALS and TDP-43 pathologies. Studies link digestive diseases and lifestyle factors to Parkinson’s risk, while breakthroughs in Parkinson’s fluctuation monitoring via AI-enabled blink analysis demonstrate new clinical tool development.