Groundbreaking studies unveil molecular and cellular underpinnings of neurodegenerative disorders. Research has elucidated the impact of amyloid fibrils formed by CHCHD10 and CHCHD2 proteins in neurodegeneration. Single-cell transcriptomics atlases refine understanding of hippocampus composition, linking epigenomic relaxation to Alzheimer’s disease progression. Additionally, GBA1 gene variants’ roles in Parkinson’s disease have been classified through in silico analyses, while a novel anti-Sortilin antibody shows promise in ALS models, providing a multi-angle view of neurodegenerative disease pathways and potential interventions.