Clinical research is advancing treatments for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Airway Therapeutics announced expansion of a multinational Phase III trial testing zelpultide alfa, a recombinant surfactant protein D analogue, aiming to reduce lung inflammation and injury. Simultaneously, studies focusing on intratracheal budesonide combined with surfactant are underway to improve respiratory outcomes in extremely preterm neonates. These innovations represent critical efforts to address chronic lung disease in vulnerable newborns globally.