Recent studies demonstrate significant progress in liver cancer management. Research indicates that circulating tumor cells can predict microvascular invasion and early hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence, improving prognosis accuracy. Dual immune checkpoint blockade targeting TIGIT and PD-1 shows therapeutic potential in phase 2 trials. Additionally, a differentiation therapy using hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) proposes reprogramming malignant liver cells toward less aggressive phenotypes. Combination immunotherapies with atezolizumab and bevacizumab further affirm safety and efficacy in unresectable liver cancer cases in India.