Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), initially established for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections, is gaining attention for broader therapeutic applications. Since 2017, research has illuminated potential effects in alopecia, Parkinson’s disease, depression, cancer, and other conditions by restoring gut microbial balance. With over 7,500 scientific papers published on FMT, latest studies explore its impact on systemic diseases, highlighting ongoing efforts to understand its full clinical potential beyond infectious diseases.