New studies elucidate critical molecular drivers and biomarkers that shape cancer progression and prognosis. Investigations reveal prognostic roles of zinc finger protein ZNF683 in kidney cancer immune response, NSUN5 in liver cancer glycolysis, and MLH1 with GPRC5C in hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes. Insights into EMT’s role in colorectal cancer metastasis and identification of serum markers predicting atrial fibrillation in diabetes underscore the integration of molecular and clinical markers in cancer management.