Recent studies have unveiled novel insights into cancer biology including: the role of nerve injury-induced chronic inflammation in resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy; the metabolic interplay where aggressive triple-negative breast cancers co-opt fat cell lipids via gap junctions to fuel growth; and cancer metabolism regulated by the ATF4-glutamine axis. Furthermore, research highlights HPV16's immune cell reprogramming to promote tumor growth and the identification of novel cancer drug targets such as Sideroflexin 1 in bladder cancer and USP1 and USP7 as potential therapeutic candidates.