Researchers at MIT unveiled a novel AI-driven approach to design lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that enhance RNA vaccine and therapeutic delivery. The Composite Material Transformer (COMET) machine learning model analyzed thousands of LNPs to predict optimal ingredient combinations for specific cell targeting and incorporation of new materials. Experimental validation demonstrated particles with superior protein expression in vitro and in vivo, promising to accelerate development of RNA medicines for diverse conditions like obesity and diabetes.