10x Genomics filed patent infringement lawsuits against Illumina in Delaware federal court, accusing the sequencing giant of using its patented single-cell and spatial genomics technologies to broaden Illumina’s product suite. The suits mark the latest escalation in a long-running IP dispute between single-cell market incumbents and platform providers as companies expand offerings into adjacent multiomics and spatial markets. 10x has a history of aggressive IP enforcement in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics; its legal move aims to protect core barcoding and partitioning technologies that underpin many single-cell assays. Illumina has faced multiple challenges from rivals as it pursues multiomics expansion, and the litigation could shape competitive dynamics and licensing outcomes across next-generation sequencing and spatial workflows.